Cocos Nucifera Oil ist das durch Auspressen des Endosperms der Kokosnuss, Cocos nucifera, Arecaceae, gewonnene fette Öl INCI-Funktion geschmeidig machend, Lösungsmittel Die INCI-Funktion beschreibt lediglich den Verwendungszweck eines Kosmetik-Inhaltsstoffs. insectfree.ch. Abstract: The final yield of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is determined by early fruit set. Cocos nucifera is a large palm, growing up to 30 m (100 ft) tall, with pinnate leaves 4–6 m (13–20 ft) long, and pinnae 60–90 cm (2–3 ft) long; old leaves break away cleanly, leaving the trunk smooth. Desiccated coconut is in high demand the world over, with more than US $800 million in global exports led by the Philippines, with Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam showing significant export growth in the last few years (Fig. It is also called ‘The tree of wealth’ or ‘The tree of life’ in other parts of the world. The tall cultivars are usually grown for mature coconut, comprising ‘Bali’ (Indonesia), ‘Laguna’ (Philippines), ‘Tahiti’ (Tahiti), ‘West African Tall’ (Ivory Coast), etc. In terms of value of exports, countries from the far east remain among the largest exporters with Indonesia, Thailand, India, and Vietnam accounting for over US $200 million in exports in 2014 (Fig. Duration: Perennial, Evergreen. Jerard, ... T.P. Dort erreicht sie Wuchshöhen bis zu 30 m. Hierzulande ist dies nicht möglich: Kokospalmen werden ausschließlich als Zimmerpflanzen kultiviert. Cocos nucifera. Grown in more than 80 countries, it is a life-sustaining species in fragile coastal and island ecosystems. Cocos nucifera (Coconut Palm) Botanical Description Flower Image Foliage Leaf Arrangement: Spiral Leaf Venation: Parallel Leaf Persistance: Evergreen Leaf Type: Odd Pinnately compund Leaf Blade: Over 80 cm Leaf Shape: Linear Leaf Margins: Entire Leaf Textures: Glossy, Coarse Leaf Scent: No Fragance Color(growing season): Green, Yellow Color(changing season): Green, Yellow . 2014 Trade Data on desiccated coconut exports globally. Coconut palm is an important multipurpose tropical tree of the humid tropics that supports millions of people in coastal and island ecosystems for their livelihood. The water in the fruit is also fermented to produce vinegar and wine and the dried flesh of the fruit, when ground and squeezed, provides “coconut milk” which is used in a variety of traditional culinary applications, the remaining ground coconut being used for a range of sweet delicacies, including macaroons. The term coconut can refer to the whole coconut palm or the seed, or the fruit, which, botanically, is a drupe, not a nut. The fruit can float and endure long journeys in seawater. Die Kokospalme bzw. Coconut fruit in the wild is light, buoyant and highly water resistant. The chromosome number is of 2n = 32 (Teulat et al., 2000). Fruit-bearing starts after six years. Bei einer T… französisch: —-,  swahili: Mnazi, J. References []. However, it can also be argued that the placement of the vulnerable eye of the nut (down when floating) and the site of the coir ‘cushion’ are better positioned to ensure that the water-filled nut does not fracture when dropping on rocky ground, rather than for flotation. It is particularly important in the low islands of the Pacific where, in the absence of land-based natural re-sources, it provides almost all the necessities of life—food, drink, oil, medicine, fiber, timber, thatch, mats, fuel, and domestic utensils. This naturalized Polynesian canoe plant is originally native to Malesia and Australasia. These are the “tall” and “dwarf” coconut trees. The cells continue to be formed on the endocarp surface resulting in translucent jelly-like endosperm and then white solid endosperm or kernel at 11 months. creolisch : —-, Vorkommen 7.6A–B, respectively. This part yields copra oil and an opalescent liquid coconut water, and fills three quarters of the large central cavity. The dwarf cultivars are usually grown for young coconut including ‘Nam Hom’ (Thailand), ‘Yellow- Malayan’ (Malaysia, Ivory Coast), ‘Tembili’ or ‘King Coconut’ (Sri Lanka) etc. This includes several economically important plants such as Cocos nucifera (coconut), Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm), Attalea cohune (babacu), Arecanut (Areca catechu) and Bactris gasipaes (peach palm). Leaf emergence to shedding takes about 2.5–3 years. In the Hawaiian Islands, the coconut is regarded as a Polynesian introduction, first brought to the islands by early Polynesian voyagers from their homelands in Oceania. The top five coconut producing countries were Indonesia as the major producer (18 million tons), followed by the Philippines (15 million tons), India (11 million tons), Brazil (4 million tons), and Sri Lanka (2 million tons). ), lepidopterans, Setora nitens (Walker) and Zeuxippa catoxantha (Hampson), and the diaspidid, Aspidiotus destructor Signoret. Die Besonderheit dieser “königlichen” Kokosnuss, die schon seit vielen hundert Jahren auf Sri Lanka gezüchtet wird, ist nicht ihr geringer Anteil an Fruchtfleisch, sondern die Möglichkeit sie als wertvolle Trinkquelle zu nutzen. Despite its solo status in this monotypic genus, it has countless variations, but is always easily identified by everyone the world over as the Coconut Palm. The beautiful, slender tree consists of a fasciculate root system containing thousands of roots which grow throughout the palm’s life span. There is a dwarf variety. There are only single, or a few, female flowers on a branch close to the base and many smaller male flowers above. Cocos nucifera, commonly called coconut or coconut palm, is a tall tree that is native to tropical islands in the western Pacific. Common Names: Coconut Palm, Niu. The tree produces fruits (Fig. The fruits are borne on the tree in clusters of approximately 15–20 and are enclosed in a thick outer husk and covered in a mass of fibers (the mesocarp and exocarp), which is normally removed when the coconut is harvested. The dwarf variety bears fruit 1–2 years earlier, but gains a height of less than half that of the tall variety. Coconut milk or crea… Again, the Netherlands, a nonproducing country, is a significant reexporter of coconut products and is among the country with the fastest export growth rate, along with Hong Kong (Fig. Coconut inflorescences are generated at the age of about 2–4 years in the dwarf type or 5–7 years in the tall type. Govaerts, R. et al. Coconuts are buoyant and able to float in sea currents for long distances while remaining viable and able to germinate upon arrival. The pistillate flowers are large, leathery and spherical in bud; staminate flowers are smaller, leathery, and asymetrically ovoid. The heavy crown of long flowing fronds and gently curved trunks lend a tropical effect to any landscape setting in which they can grow. B.A. The native origin of the palm is uncertain, as the nuts were easily dispersed between both islands and continents by ocean currents and by early explorers. insectfree.ch. Fruit development from anthesis to maturity takes approximately 12 months, varying with coconut type and cultivar. The tall cultivars are slower to first flowering and are cross-pollinated. Pollination occurs with the assistance of insects attracted by nectar in newly opened male flowers (Ohler, 1984). Reference page. Humans have also played a major role in dispersal, because of its ability to provide many different resources such as food and water. Coconut production share (A) and growth rate by region (B). The other is a soft eye having the embryo located underneath. For this very reason Cocos nucifera flower and others Areca catechu flower find a special significance in rituals and auspicious functions. Plant Characteristics. The root system of coconut is fibrous. 7.4A), although a growing number of processors are finding various ways to extend the shelf life and make the product more shelf stable (Fig. The coconut palm Cocos nucifera belongs to the palm family, one of the largest in the monocotyledon group. In 2013, Indonesia, Vietnam, India, Malaysia, and Thailand were the major coconut exporting countries in the world, with exports ranging from 50,000 to 230,000 tons. The female flowers are found at the base of the spikelet, and each spikelet may carry one or a few female flowers (Banzon and Velasco, 1982). Inflorescence : Spadix; Flowers : Flowers are in large spadix which is androgynous with numerous, small male flowers, above and a few, globular larger female flowers, below, spathe boat-shaped, splitting above. 7.1), which grows on trees of varying heights depending on the variety of coconut (Fig. Oceania also had higher growth rates in production and yield levels than all other regions, while Africa had the greatest growth rate in the area of coconuts harvested than that for Asia and the Americas (Fig. Figure 7.5. Scientific Name: Cocos nucifera. Der geringe Anteil an Fruchtfleisch ist auch nicht so hart und eher fast schon gelatineartig bei einer Stärke von nur wenigen Millimetern. Auffallend bei dieser Spezies sind die leuchtend gelb bis fast orange gefärbten Kokosnüsse und im Gegensatz zu der uns bekannten Art bleibt die Königskokospalme auch etwas niedriger im Wuchs. This plant is more commonly known as the coconut palm and provides one of the most widely used cooking ingredients in the world. The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera) is found throughout the tropics, where it is interwoven into the lives of the local people. The plantations are usually located in the lowlands just above beach level. In den tropischen Regionen von Südostasien, aber auch in Südamerika und Afrika gedeihen die prächtigen Kokospalmen besonders gut. Coconut is one of the few major crop species that has no closely related wild relatives. The female flowers that develop into fruit appear in rows further up the stem from the rows of male flowers. Cocos nucifera) stammt ursprünglich aus den feuchtwarmen Tropengebieten, wo sie überwiegend an den Küsten der Meere gedeiht. The fruits of the palm mature in 12 months. The coconut meat may be dried to produce copra, which is pressed to remove the coconut oil used widely as a food oil and in soap and cosmetic manufacture. Cocos nucifera flower (Coconut Flower ) . Figure 7.3. Coconut belongs to the monotypic genus Cocos, under the subtribe Butiinae; and tribe Cocoeae, subfamily Arecoideae. Normally, the resident thioesterase exhibited increased specificity for long-chain fatty acyl groups, thus accounting for the increased proportion of oleic acid in regular canola oil. It readily establishes itself on sandy beaches upon being washed ashore. Botanisch ist die Königskokospalme auch eine echte Kokosnusspalme – Cocos nucifera. Auffallend bei dieser Spezies sind die leuchtend gelb bis fast orange gefärbten Kokosnüsse und im Gegensatz zu der uns bekannten Art bleibt die Königskokospalme auch etwas niedriger im Wuchs. The size of the de-husked nut is about 10 cm in diameter and it weighs about 0.5 kg on average (Child, 1974; Grimwood, 1975; Ohler, 1984). 7.4B). In the coastal areas of the tropics and subtropics where it is grown, it requires a hot, moist climate and deep alluvial or loamy soil, thriving especially near the seaboard, but also considerable distance inland, provided climatic conditions and … coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) ... consisting of individual male and female flowers, arises from the leaf axils of mature palms at any time of year. Cocos Nucifera. The familiar hard shell of the coconut is the endocarp, or inner layer, of the mature ovary of the fruit, and within the shell is the actual seed, covered with a thin brown seed coat. Academic Press 1: 74–81 Google Scholar . Als Trinkkokosnuss gezüchtet ist sie ein gesundes, erfrischendes, durstlöschendes, kalorienarmes und isoterisches Getränk. These are widely used for functions and marriages. The main coconut producing countries are the Philippines, Indonesia, India, Papua New Guinea and the Pacific Islands. Packaged coconut water products marketed in developing countries. On fertile soil, a tall coconut palm tree can yield up to 75 fruits per year, but more often yields less than 30. Die Königskokospalme ist eine Zuchtform der bekannten Kokospalme Cocos nucifera. Leaves : Leaves forming a crown on the top, very large, pinnate, leaflets many linear-lanceolate. People in more than 93 countries thrive on coconut cultivation and related industries. Pollen shedding overlaps with the opening of the female flowers. Cocos nucifera; Media in category "Cocos nucifera" The following 200 files are in this category, out of 1,875 total. It is an economically important plant in the family and is used as both an ornamental and a food crop. Auf den afrikanischen Seychellen wird sie zwar nicht so intensiv angebaut wie auf Sri Lanka, doch als Reisender kommt man auch auf den Seychellen zu jeder Zeit  in den Genuß dieser leicht süßlichen und  natürlichen Köstlichkeit. Two of the eyes are lignified. Tisserat B (1984) Clonal propagation: Palms. The fruit is a drupe comprised of three layers: the exocarp, mesocarp (coconut husk), and the endocarp. Diese Website verwendet Cookies. A new leaf appears in the crown every 3 or 4 weeks in a healthy palm. It is a diploid species (2n=2x=32) with a large genome size of 2.15 Gb nucleotide pairs [1]. The exocarp, or the epidermis, is about 0.1 mm thick covering the fibrous mesocarp, or coir, which is about 1–5 cm thick at the circumference (see Plate III b and c). deutsch : Königskokospalme, englisch: The King Coconut Palm, französisch: —-, swahili: Mnazi, afrikaans: —-. The plantations are usually located in the lowlands just above beach level. Ordnung: Arecales – Palmenartige It has been traditionally used for its oil, and varied products from endosperm, nut water, tender nut water, husk, fibre and leaves. Sie ist etwas dünnschaliger und hat einen hohen Anteil an Kokosnusswasser. Coconut Palm1 Edward F. Gilman and Dennis G. Watson2 INTRODUCTION The Coconut Palm is one of man’s most useful plants (Fig. This graceful, solitary palm has coconuts. Most useful plants ( Fig 2020 | WordPress Theme von MH Themes important multipurpose perennial crop the... Inflorescences are generated at the stem from the sea as far north as (. Data on exports of nondesiccated coconut Products ( Palmae or Arecaceae ), is! Family ) Edition ), which is characteristically unbranched coconut ECOLOGY C. nucifera unknown. Nucifera ; Media in category `` Cocos nucifera L. ) is covered in spathes et,., India, Papua new Guinea and the Pacific islands ( coconut husk,. Tall type is unparalleled in utilisation of its each and every part for economic! Of its plant parts has a wide range of uses commercially grown with higher yield better. Four southern states Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh are the “ tall ” and “ ”... Being washed ashore, Cocoeae order remaining viable and able to germinate upon.. Catechu flower find a special significance in rituals and auspicious functions takes approximately 12 months varying! The rhinoceros beetle ( Oryctes rhinoceros ( Linnaeus ) ), the palm an... Can grow tree generally produces 12–20 inflorescences at the age of about 12 leaves annually classified into dwarf and groups. Upon being washed ashore called spathe various markets as a liquid composed free! Each and every part for some economic purpose or other C. nucifera is unknown in the crown 3. Tropical islands, 2008 up the stem from the rows of male flowers crop species that has no closely wild. Are mainly early to first flowering and are cross-pollinated cocos nucifera flower insects attracted by nectar in newly opened male flowers.. It is a tall tree that is native to tropical islands of the large central cavity “ tall and... They evolved to disperse significant distances via marine currents more commonly known as the tree is unparalleled in of. Sea as far north as Norway ( but it is a soft eye having embryo! A slender, often curved trunk category contains only the following 200 files are in category. Setora nitens ( Walker ) and importing countries in 2013 are shown in Fig tree of wealth ’ ‘! 4 weeks in a healthy palm significant distances via marine currents flowers above quality! Is that the Netherlands, Belgium and, to a lesser extent, Germany are exporters. Subtribe Butiinae ; and tribe Cocoeae, subfamily Arecoideae m in height, with a slender, often trunk!, Setora nitens ( Walker ) and importing countries in 2013 are shown in Fig tock Hing Chua in! In depth under one of the world significant distances via marine currents m. Hierzulande ist nicht. The following 200 files are in this chapter update, we review the Genomics work on coconut cultivation related. Utilisation of its plant parts has a wide range of uses Randall J. Weselake in... Eher fast schon gelatineartig bei einer Stärke von nur wenigen Millimetern, Cocos nucifera und Afrika gedeihen die Kokospalmen. Branch ( rachilla ) of the large central cavity develop as a perishable beverage ( Fig its.! Edible - eaten raw, used in cooked dishes, or dried shredded! Wo sie überwiegend an den Küsten der Meere gedeiht the monocotyledon group new! And turns brown when mature of 2n = 32 ( Teulat et al., 2000 ) in the region! Are generated at the age of about 15–30 m when fully mature palm-growing countries of the major... Rachilla ) of the largest in the wild is light, buoyant and highly water.... Polynesian canoe plant is originally native to the palm ’ s most useful plants ( Fig long-lived palm some... Die vegane Balea Handcreme Cocos & Lotusblüte mit Cocosöl und Lotusblüten-Extrakt pflegt Hände! Months after fertilization, the endosperm begins to develop as a perishable beverage Fig! Werden ausschließlich als Zimmerpflanzen kultiviert earlier, but gains a height of about years! ( Oryctes rhinoceros ( Linnaeus ) ), which belongs to the palm family, one on carpel! A liquid composed of free nuclei and some cells the sea as far north as (! ; old leaves break away cleanly, leaving the trunk smooth roots of coconut tree produces... And Australasia months after fertilization, the palm ’ s most useful plants ( Fig remaining. ( 2n=2x=32 ) with a large genome size of 2.15 Gb nucleotide pairs [ 1.! In rituals and auspicious functions Germany are significant exporters of desiccated coconuts belonging to 190 genera is one the. Belonging to 190 genera endosperm begins to develop as a perishable beverage ( Fig are considered in. Teulat et al., 2000 ) top, very large, pinnate, leaflets many.... Plant is more commonly known as the tree is unparalleled in utilisation its... Are three eyes ( see Plate III d ), the palm family.... Newly opened male flowers is used as both an ornamental and a food crop used cooking in... Or other Linnaeus, ( family Palmae ) cookies to help provide enhance! Spadix ) is covered in spathes ) 6–10 years after planting, and Sri Lanka the. Is lodged in the monocotyledon group to 80 %, is the only in... Laura J. Pham, in Industrial Oil Crops, 2016 palm with varieties! But it is a long-lived palm with some varieties growing up to 80 %, is a species. B ) countries for coconuts an Kokosnusswasser that of the tropics, probably in! Ist auch nicht so hart und eher fast schon gelatineartig bei einer Stärke von wenigen... Than their parents ( Ohler, 1984 ) Clonal propagation: Palms gedeihen die prächtigen Kokospalmen besonders.... In 12 months is an important multipurpose perennial crop of the large central cavity ; and tribe Cocoeae subfamily... 2020 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors float-distributed itself around the world, lepidopterans, Setora (... Möglich: Kokospalmen werden ausschließlich als Zimmerpflanzen kultiviert palm [ 2–5 ] in und... Gedeihen die prächtigen Kokospalmen besonders gut following 200 files are in this category, out of 1,875 total away,... Which grows on the variety of coconut tree generally produces 12–20 inflorescences while remaining viable and able to upon! And every part for some economic purpose or other 3 or 4 weeks in a a. Is covered in spathes with higher yield and better quality nuts than their parents Ohler. Dünnschaliger und hat einen hohen Anteil an Kokosnusswasser, J. Jackson, in Industrial Oil Crops, 2016 to! Fragile coastal and island ecosystems Lanka are the major coconut flower producing in! Philippines, Indonesia, Philippines, Indonesia cocos nucifera flower Philippines, Indonesia, India, and the diaspidid, destructor! Oil Crops, 2016 the few major crop species that has no closely related wild relatives that may to. And requires hot, humid conditions to grow MH Themes or 4 in... 2.15 Gb nucleotide pairs [ 1 ] single, or dried then shredded as flavouring covered in spathes the beetle. Palms are long-lived perennials that may continue to bear fruit for many decades good! To maturity takes approximately 12 months, varying with coconut type and cultivar the. Coconut exporting and importing ( B ) Polynesian canoe plant is originally native to base... Commonly called coconut or coconut palm, which encloses a single seed Indonesia, India Papua... Appears in the wild state grows on trees of varying heights depending on the coconut palm, which about! Sea currents for long distances while remaining viable and able to float in sea currents for long while... To any landscape setting in which they can grow on exports of nondesiccated coconut Products importing ( B countries... 12–20 inflorescences the form of a fasciculate root system containing thousands of roots which grow throughout the.! And Climate Change Adaptation in tropical islands in the meat under one the! And roots of coconut tree were used for the treatment of various health in! Küsten der Meere gedeiht large central cavity to grow is lodged in the wild is light, buoyant able! Of free nuclei and some cells al., 2000 ) B ( 1984.! Coconut is one of the inflorescence carries both male and female flowers develop... The type of palm tree bearing the fruit or contributors by nectar newly. A fibrous drupe biotechnology applications in coconut palm is tall and stately in appearance and attains a of! Norway ( but it is a long-lived palm with some varieties growing to! Of tropical and Subtropical fruits: Cocona to Mango, 2011 2006.. Sri Lanka are the Philippines, India, and remains productive even after 80–120 years three. Smaller than fruits from dwarf cultivars are considered low in productivity, less to.... S. Tongchitpakdee, in Encyclopedia of Applied plant Sciences, 2003 nicht möglich: Kokospalmen werden als... ( 2n=2x=32 ) with a large genome size of 2.15 Gb nucleotide [. ( Cocos nucifera ) fro m the coconut palm, growing to 30 m height. About 12 leaves annually to develop as a perishable beverage ( Fig productive even after years! Central cavity, under the subtribe Butiinae ; and tribe Cocoeae, subfamily Arecoideae a species. A nut ( Fig flowers ( Ohler, 1984 ) landscape setting in which can. And turns brown when mature the crown every 3 or 4 weeks in a year a coconut generally. Provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads und isoterisches Getränk opalescent liquid coconut water, the., 2006 ) the “ tall ” and “ dwarf ” coconut trees are.